BucketingProcess

Bases: BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin, BucketTableMethod, PlotBucketMethod, PlotPreBucketMethod, SummaryMethod

A two-step bucketing pipeline allowing for pre-bucketing before bucketing.

Often you want to pre-bucket features (f.e. to 100 buckets) before bucketing to a smaller set. This brings some additional challenges around propagating specials and defining a bucketer that is able to go from raw data to final bucket. This class facilicates the process and also provides all regular methods and attributes:

• .summary(): See which columns are bucketed
• .plot_bucket(): Plot buckets of a column
• .bucket_table(): Table with buckets of a column
• .save_to_yaml(): Save information necessary for bucketing to a YAML file
• .features_bucket_mapping_: Access bucketing information

Example:

from skorecard import datasets
from skorecard.bucketers import DecisionTreeBucketer, OptimalBucketer, AsIsCategoricalBucketer
from skorecard.pipeline import BucketingProcess
from sklearn.pipeline import make_pipeline

df = datasets.load_uci_credit_card(as_frame=True)
y = df["default"]
X = df.drop(columns=["default"])

num_cols = ["LIMIT_BAL", "BILL_AMT1"]
cat_cols = ["EDUCATION", "MARRIAGE"]

bucketing_process = BucketingProcess(
    specials={'LIMIT_BAL': {'=400000.0' : [400000.0]}},
    prebucketing_pipeline=make_pipeline(
        DecisionTreeBucketer(variables=num_cols, max_n_bins=100, min_bin_size=0.05),
        AsIsCategoricalBucketer(variables=cat_cols),
    ),
    bucketing_pipeline=make_pipeline(
        OptimalBucketer(variables=num_cols, max_n_bins=10, min_bin_size=0.05),
        OptimalBucketer(variables=cat_cols, variables_type='categorical', max_n_bins=10, min_bin_size=0.05),
    )
)

bucketing_process.fit(X, y)

# Details
bucketing_process.summary() # all vars, and # buckets
bucketing_process.bucket_table("LIMIT_BAL")
bucketing_process.plot_bucket("LIMIT_BAL")
bucketing_process.prebucket_table("LIMIT_BAL")
bucketing_process.plot_prebucket("LIMIT_BAL")

Source code in skorecard/pipeline/bucketing_process.py

class BucketingProcess(
    BaseEstimator,
    TransformerMixin,
    BucketTableMethod,
    PlotBucketMethod,
    PlotPreBucketMethod,
    SummaryMethod,
):
    """
    A two-step bucketing pipeline allowing for pre-bucketing before bucketing.

    Often you want to pre-bucket features (f.e. to 100 buckets) before bucketing to a smaller set.
    This brings some additional challenges around propagating specials and defining a bucketer that is able to go from raw data to final bucket.
    This class facilicates the process and also provides all regular methods and attributes:

    - `.summary()`: See which columns are bucketed
    - `.plot_bucket()`: Plot buckets of a column
    - `.bucket_table()`: Table with buckets of a column
    - `.save_to_yaml()`: Save information necessary for bucketing to a YAML file
    - `.features_bucket_mapping_`: Access bucketing information

    Example:

    ```python
    from skorecard import datasets
    from skorecard.bucketers import DecisionTreeBucketer, OptimalBucketer, AsIsCategoricalBucketer
    from skorecard.pipeline import BucketingProcess
    from sklearn.pipeline import make_pipeline

    df = datasets.load_uci_credit_card(as_frame=True)
    y = df["default"]
    X = df.drop(columns=["default"])

    num_cols = ["LIMIT_BAL", "BILL_AMT1"]
    cat_cols = ["EDUCATION", "MARRIAGE"]

    bucketing_process = BucketingProcess(
        specials={'LIMIT_BAL': {'=400000.0' : [400000.0]}},
        prebucketing_pipeline=make_pipeline(
            DecisionTreeBucketer(variables=num_cols, max_n_bins=100, min_bin_size=0.05),
            AsIsCategoricalBucketer(variables=cat_cols),
        ),
        bucketing_pipeline=make_pipeline(
            OptimalBucketer(variables=num_cols, max_n_bins=10, min_bin_size=0.05),
            OptimalBucketer(variables=cat_cols, variables_type='categorical', max_n_bins=10, min_bin_size=0.05),
        )
    )

    bucketing_process.fit(X, y)

    # Details
    bucketing_process.summary() # all vars, and # buckets
    bucketing_process.bucket_table("LIMIT_BAL")
    bucketing_process.plot_bucket("LIMIT_BAL")
    bucketing_process.prebucket_table("LIMIT_BAL")
    bucketing_process.plot_prebucket("LIMIT_BAL")
    ```
    """  # noqa

    def __init__(
        self,
        prebucketing_pipeline=make_pipeline(DecisionTreeBucketer(max_n_bins=50, min_bin_size=0.02)),
        bucketing_pipeline=make_pipeline(OptimalBucketer(max_n_bins=6, min_bin_size=0.05)),
        variables: List = [],
        specials: Dict = {},
        random_state: Optional[int] = None,
        remainder="passthrough",
    ):
        """
        Define a BucketingProcess to first prebucket and then bucket multiple columns in one go.

        Args:
            prebucketing_pipeline (Pipeline): The scikit-learn pipeline that does pre-bucketing.
                Defaults to an all-numeric DecisionTreeBucketer pipeline.
            bucketing_pipeline (Pipeline): The scikit-learn pipeline that does bucketing.
                Defaults to an all-numeric OptimalBucketer pipeline.
                Must transform same features as the prebucketing pipeline.
            variables (list): The features to bucket. Uses all features if not defined.
            specials: (nested) dictionary of special values that require their own binning.
                Will merge when specials are also defined in any bucketers in a (pre)bucketing pipeline, and overwrite in case there are shared keys.
                The dictionary has the following format:
                 {"<column name>" : {"name of special bucket" : <list with 1 or more values>}}
                For every feature that needs a special value, a dictionary must be passed as value.
                This dictionary contains a name of a bucket (key) and an array of unique values that should be put
                in that bucket.
                When special values are defined, they are not considered in the fitting procedure.
            remainder (str): How we want the non-specified columns to be transformed. It must be in ["passthrough", "drop"].
                passthrough (Default): all columns that were not specified in "variables" will be passed through.
                drop: all remaining columns that were not specified in "variables" will be dropped.
        """  # noqa
        # Save original input params
        # We overwrite the input later, so we need to save
        # original so we can clone instances
        # https://scikit-learn.org/dev/developers/develop.html#cloning
        # https://scikit-learn.org/dev/developers/develop.html#get-params-and-set-params
        # Assigning the variable in the init to the attribute with the same name is a requirement of
        # sklearn.base.BaseEstimator. See the notes in
        # https://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.base.BaseEstimator.html#sklearn.base.BaseEstimator
        self.prebucketing_pipeline = prebucketing_pipeline
        self.bucketing_pipeline = bucketing_pipeline
        self.remainder = remainder
        self.variables = variables
        self.specials = specials
        self.random_state = random_state

    @property
    def name(self):
        """
        To be able to identity the bucketingprocess in a pipeline.
        """
        return "bucketingprocess"

    def fit(self, X, y=None):
        """
        Fit the prebucketing and bucketing pipeline with `X`, `y`.

        Args:
            X (pd.DataFrame): Data to fit on.
            y (np.array, optional): target. Defaults to None.
        """
        X = ensure_dataframe(X)

        # input validation
        assert self.remainder in ["passthrough", "drop"]

        # Convert to skorecard pipelines
        # This does some checks on the pipelines
        # and adds some convenience methods to the pipeline.
        self.pre_pipeline_ = to_skorecard_pipeline(deepcopy(self.prebucketing_pipeline))
        self.pipeline_ = to_skorecard_pipeline(deepcopy(self.bucketing_pipeline))

        # Add/Overwrite specials to all pre-bucketers
        for step in _get_all_steps(self.pre_pipeline_):
            if hasattr(step, "specials") and len(step.specials) != 0 and len(self.specials) != 0:
                # note, specials defined BucketingProcess level
                # will overwrite any specials on bucketer level.
                warnings.warn(f"Overwriting specials of {step} with specials of bucketingprocess", UserWarning)
                step.specials = {**step.specials, **self.specials}
            else:
                step.specials = self.specials

            if len(self.variables) != 0:
                if len(step.variables) != 0:
                    warnings.warn(f"Overwriting variables of {step} with variables of bucketingprocess", UserWarning)
                step.variables = self.variables

            # Overwrite random_state to bucketers
            if hasattr(step, "random_state") and self.random_state is not None:
                if step.random_state is not None:
                    warnings.warn(
                        f"Overwriting random_state of {step} with random_state of bucketingprocess", UserWarning
                    )
                step.random_state = self.random_state

        # Overwrite variables to all bucketers
        if len(self.variables) != 0:
            for step in _get_all_steps(self.pipeline_):
                if len(step.variables) != 0:
                    warnings.warn(f"Overwriting variables of {step} with variables of bucketingprocess", UserWarning)
                step.variables = self.variables

        # Overwrite random_state to bucketers
        for step in _get_all_steps(self.pipeline_):
            if hasattr(step, "random_state") and self.random_state is not None:
                if step.random_state is not None:
                    warnings.warn(
                        f"Overwriting random_state of {step} with random_state of bucketingprocess", UserWarning
                    )
                step.random_state = self.random_state

        self._prebucketing_specials = self.specials
        self._bucketing_specials = dict()  # will be determined later.

        # Fit the prebucketing pipeline
        X_prebucketed_ = self.pre_pipeline_.fit_transform(X, y)
        assert isinstance(X_prebucketed_, pd.DataFrame)

        # Calculate the prebucket tables.
        self.prebucket_tables_ = dict()
        for column in X.columns:
            if column in self.pre_pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.maps.keys():
                self.prebucket_tables_[column] = build_bucket_table(
                    X, y, column=column, bucket_mapping=self.pre_pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.get(column)
                )

        # Find the new bucket numbers of the specials after prebucketing,
        for var, var_specials in self._prebucketing_specials.items():
            bucket_labels = self.pre_pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.get(var).labels
            new_specials = _find_remapped_specials(bucket_labels, var_specials)
            if len(new_specials):
                self._bucketing_specials[var] = new_specials

        # Then assign the new specials to all bucketers in the bucketing pipeline
        for step in self.pipeline_.steps:
            if not isinstance(step, tuple):
                step.specials = self._bucketing_specials
            else:
                step[1].specials = self._bucketing_specials

        # Fit the bucketing pipeline
        # And save the bucket mapping
        self.pipeline_.fit(X_prebucketed_, y)

        # Make sure all columns that are bucketed have also been pre-bucketed.
        not_prebucketed = []
        for col in self.pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.columns:
            if self.pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.get(col).type == "numerical":
                if col not in self.pre_pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.columns:
                    not_prebucketed.append(col)
        if len(not_prebucketed):
            msg = "These numerical columns are bucketed but have not been pre-bucketed: "
            msg += f"{', '.join(not_prebucketed)}.\n"
            msg += "Consider adding a numerical bucketer to the prebucketing pipeline,"
            msg += "for example AsIsNumericalBucketer or DecisionTreeBucketer."
            raise NotPreBucketedError(msg)

        # Make sure all columns that have been pre-bucketed also have been bucketed
        not_bucketed = []
        for col in self.pre_pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.columns:
            if self.pre_pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.get(col).type == "numerical":
                if col not in self.pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.columns:
                    not_bucketed.append(col)
        if len(not_bucketed):
            msg = "These numerical columns are prebucketed but have not been bucketed: "
            msg += f"{', '.join(not_bucketed)}.\n"
            msg += "Consider updating the bucketing pipeline."
            raise NotBucketedError(msg)

        # calculate the bucket tables.
        self.bucket_tables_ = dict()
        for column in X.columns:
            if column in self.pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.maps.keys():
                self.bucket_tables_[column] = build_bucket_table(
                    X_prebucketed_,
                    y,
                    column=column,
                    bucket_mapping=self.pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.get(column),
                )

        # Calculate the summary
        self._generate_summary(X, y)

        return self

    def fit_interactive(self, X, y=None, mode="external", **server_kwargs):
        """
        Fit a bucketer and then interactive edit the fit using a dash app.

        Note we are using a [jupyterdash](https://medium.com/plotly/introducing-jupyterdash-811f1f57c02e) app,
        which supports 3 different modes:

        - 'external' (default): Start dash server and print URL
        - 'inline': Start dash app inside an Iframe in the jupyter notebook
        - 'jupyterlab': Start dash app as a new tab inside jupyterlab

        """
        # We need to make sure we only fit if not already fitted
        # This prevents a user losing manually defined boundaries
        # when re-running .fit_interactive()
        if not is_fitted(self):
            self.fit(X, y)

        self.app = JupyterDash(__name__, external_stylesheets=[dbc.themes.BOOTSTRAP])
        add_bucketing_process_layout(self)
        add_bucketing_process_callbacks(self, X, y)
        self.app.run_server(mode=mode, **server_kwargs)

    def transform(self, X):
        """
        Transform `X` through the prebucketing and bucketing pipelines.
        """
        check_is_fitted(self)
        X_prebucketed = self.pre_pipeline_.transform(X)

        new_X = self.pipeline_.transform(X_prebucketed)

        if self.remainder == "drop":
            return new_X[self.variables]
        else:
            return new_X

    def save_yml(self, fout: PathLike) -> None:
        """
        Save the features bucket to a yaml file.

        Args:
            fout: path for output file
        """
        check_is_fitted(self)
        fbm = self.features_bucket_mapping_
        if isinstance(fbm, dict):
            FeaturesBucketMapping(fbm).save_yml(fout)
        else:
            fbm.save_yml(fout)

    @property
    def features_bucket_mapping_(self):
        """
        Returns a `FeaturesBucketMapping` instance.

        In normal bucketers, you can access `.features_bucket_mapping_`
        to retrieve a `FeaturesBucketMapping` instance. This contains
        all the info you need to transform values into their buckets.

        In this class, we basically have a two step bucketing process:
        first prebucketing, and then we bucket the prebuckets.

        In order to still be able to use BucketingProcess as if it were a normal bucketer,
        we'll need to merge both into one.
        """
        check_is_fitted(self)

        return merge_features_bucket_mapping(
            self.pre_pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_, self.pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_
        )

    def prebucket_table(self, column: str) -> pd.DataFrame:
        """
        Generates the statistics for the buckets of a particular column.

        An example is seen below:

        pre-bucket | label      | Count | Count (%) | Non-event | Event | Event Rate | WoE   | IV   | bucket
        -----------|------------|-------|-----------|-----------|-------|------------|-------|------|------
        0          | (-inf, 1.0)| 479   | 7.98      | 300       | 179   |  37.37     |  0.73 | 0.05 | 0
        1          | [1.0, 2.0) | 370   | 6.17      | 233       | 137   |  37.03     |  0.71 | 0.04 | 0

        Args:
            column (str): The column we wish to analyse

        Returns:
            df (pd.DataFrame): A pandas dataframe of the format above
        """  # noqa
        check_is_fitted(self)
        if column not in self.prebucket_tables_.keys():
            raise ValueError(f"column '{column}' was not part of the pre-bucketing process")

        table = self.prebucket_tables_.get(column)
        table = table.rename(columns={"bucket_id": "pre-bucket"})

        # Find bucket for each pre-bucket
        bucket_mapping = self.pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.get(column)
        table["bucket"] = bucket_mapping.transform(table["pre-bucket"])

        # Find out missing bucket
        if -1 in table["pre-bucket"].values:
            table.loc[table["pre-bucket"] == -1, "bucket"] = bucket_mapping.transform([np.nan])[0]

        # Find out the 'other' bucket
        if bucket_mapping.type == "categorical" and -2 in table["pre-bucket"].values:
            something_random = "84a088e251d2fa058f37145222e536dc"
            table.loc[table["pre-bucket"] == -2, "bucket"] = bucket_mapping.transform([something_random])[0]

        return table

    def _more_tags(self):
        """
        Estimator tags are annotations of estimators that allow programmatic inspection of their capabilities.

        See https://scikit-learn.org/stable/developers/develop.html#estimator-tags
        """  # noqa
        return {"binary_only": True}

features_bucket_mapping_ property

Returns a FeaturesBucketMapping instance.

In normal bucketers, you can access .features_bucket_mapping_ to retrieve a FeaturesBucketMapping instance. This contains all the info you need to transform values into their buckets.

In this class, we basically have a two step bucketing process: first prebucketing, and then we bucket the prebuckets.

In order to still be able to use BucketingProcess as if it were a normal bucketer, we'll need to merge both into one.

name property

To be able to identity the bucketingprocess in a pipeline.

__init__(prebucketing_pipeline=make_pipeline(DecisionTreeBucketer(max_n_bins=50, min_bin_size=0.02)), bucketing_pipeline=make_pipeline(OptimalBucketer(max_n_bins=6, min_bin_size=0.05)), variables=[], specials={}, random_state=None, remainder='passthrough')

Define a BucketingProcess to first prebucket and then bucket multiple columns in one go.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
prebucketing_pipeline	Pipeline	The scikit-learn pipeline that does pre-bucketing. Defaults to an all-numeric DecisionTreeBucketer pipeline.	make_pipeline(DecisionTreeBucketer(max_n_bins=50, min_bin_size=0.02))
bucketing_pipeline	Pipeline	The scikit-learn pipeline that does bucketing. Defaults to an all-numeric OptimalBucketer pipeline. Must transform same features as the prebucketing pipeline.	make_pipeline(OptimalBucketer(max_n_bins=6, min_bin_size=0.05))
variables	list	The features to bucket. Uses all features if not defined.	[]
specials	Dict	(nested) dictionary of special values that require their own binning. Will merge when specials are also defined in any bucketers in a (pre)bucketing pipeline, and overwrite in case there are shared keys. The dictionary has the following format: {"" : {"name of special bucket" : }} For every feature that needs a special value, a dictionary must be passed as value. This dictionary contains a name of a bucket (key) and an array of unique values that should be put in that bucket. When special values are defined, they are not considered in the fitting procedure.	{}
remainder	str	How we want the non-specified columns to be transformed. It must be in ["passthrough", "drop"]. passthrough (Default): all columns that were not specified in "variables" will be passed through. drop: all remaining columns that were not specified in "variables" will be dropped.	'passthrough'

Source code in skorecard/pipeline/bucketing_process.py

def __init__(
    self,
    prebucketing_pipeline=make_pipeline(DecisionTreeBucketer(max_n_bins=50, min_bin_size=0.02)),
    bucketing_pipeline=make_pipeline(OptimalBucketer(max_n_bins=6, min_bin_size=0.05)),
    variables: List = [],
    specials: Dict = {},
    random_state: Optional[int] = None,
    remainder="passthrough",
):
    """
    Define a BucketingProcess to first prebucket and then bucket multiple columns in one go.

    Args:
        prebucketing_pipeline (Pipeline): The scikit-learn pipeline that does pre-bucketing.
            Defaults to an all-numeric DecisionTreeBucketer pipeline.
        bucketing_pipeline (Pipeline): The scikit-learn pipeline that does bucketing.
            Defaults to an all-numeric OptimalBucketer pipeline.
            Must transform same features as the prebucketing pipeline.
        variables (list): The features to bucket. Uses all features if not defined.
        specials: (nested) dictionary of special values that require their own binning.
            Will merge when specials are also defined in any bucketers in a (pre)bucketing pipeline, and overwrite in case there are shared keys.
            The dictionary has the following format:
             {"<column name>" : {"name of special bucket" : <list with 1 or more values>}}
            For every feature that needs a special value, a dictionary must be passed as value.
            This dictionary contains a name of a bucket (key) and an array of unique values that should be put
            in that bucket.
            When special values are defined, they are not considered in the fitting procedure.
        remainder (str): How we want the non-specified columns to be transformed. It must be in ["passthrough", "drop"].
            passthrough (Default): all columns that were not specified in "variables" will be passed through.
            drop: all remaining columns that were not specified in "variables" will be dropped.
    """  # noqa
    # Save original input params
    # We overwrite the input later, so we need to save
    # original so we can clone instances
    # https://scikit-learn.org/dev/developers/develop.html#cloning
    # https://scikit-learn.org/dev/developers/develop.html#get-params-and-set-params
    # Assigning the variable in the init to the attribute with the same name is a requirement of
    # sklearn.base.BaseEstimator. See the notes in
    # https://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.base.BaseEstimator.html#sklearn.base.BaseEstimator
    self.prebucketing_pipeline = prebucketing_pipeline
    self.bucketing_pipeline = bucketing_pipeline
    self.remainder = remainder
    self.variables = variables
    self.specials = specials
    self.random_state = random_state

fit(X, y=None)

Fit the prebucketing and bucketing pipeline with X, y.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
X	DataFrame	Data to fit on.	required
y	array	target. Defaults to None.	None

Source code in skorecard/pipeline/bucketing_process.py

def fit(self, X, y=None):
    """
    Fit the prebucketing and bucketing pipeline with `X`, `y`.

    Args:
        X (pd.DataFrame): Data to fit on.
        y (np.array, optional): target. Defaults to None.
    """
    X = ensure_dataframe(X)

    # input validation
    assert self.remainder in ["passthrough", "drop"]

    # Convert to skorecard pipelines
    # This does some checks on the pipelines
    # and adds some convenience methods to the pipeline.
    self.pre_pipeline_ = to_skorecard_pipeline(deepcopy(self.prebucketing_pipeline))
    self.pipeline_ = to_skorecard_pipeline(deepcopy(self.bucketing_pipeline))

    # Add/Overwrite specials to all pre-bucketers
    for step in _get_all_steps(self.pre_pipeline_):
        if hasattr(step, "specials") and len(step.specials) != 0 and len(self.specials) != 0:
            # note, specials defined BucketingProcess level
            # will overwrite any specials on bucketer level.
            warnings.warn(f"Overwriting specials of {step} with specials of bucketingprocess", UserWarning)
            step.specials = {**step.specials, **self.specials}
        else:
            step.specials = self.specials

        if len(self.variables) != 0:
            if len(step.variables) != 0:
                warnings.warn(f"Overwriting variables of {step} with variables of bucketingprocess", UserWarning)
            step.variables = self.variables

        # Overwrite random_state to bucketers
        if hasattr(step, "random_state") and self.random_state is not None:
            if step.random_state is not None:
                warnings.warn(
                    f"Overwriting random_state of {step} with random_state of bucketingprocess", UserWarning
                )
            step.random_state = self.random_state

    # Overwrite variables to all bucketers
    if len(self.variables) != 0:
        for step in _get_all_steps(self.pipeline_):
            if len(step.variables) != 0:
                warnings.warn(f"Overwriting variables of {step} with variables of bucketingprocess", UserWarning)
            step.variables = self.variables

    # Overwrite random_state to bucketers
    for step in _get_all_steps(self.pipeline_):
        if hasattr(step, "random_state") and self.random_state is not None:
            if step.random_state is not None:
                warnings.warn(
                    f"Overwriting random_state of {step} with random_state of bucketingprocess", UserWarning
                )
            step.random_state = self.random_state

    self._prebucketing_specials = self.specials
    self._bucketing_specials = dict()  # will be determined later.

    # Fit the prebucketing pipeline
    X_prebucketed_ = self.pre_pipeline_.fit_transform(X, y)
    assert isinstance(X_prebucketed_, pd.DataFrame)

    # Calculate the prebucket tables.
    self.prebucket_tables_ = dict()
    for column in X.columns:
        if column in self.pre_pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.maps.keys():
            self.prebucket_tables_[column] = build_bucket_table(
                X, y, column=column, bucket_mapping=self.pre_pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.get(column)
            )

    # Find the new bucket numbers of the specials after prebucketing,
    for var, var_specials in self._prebucketing_specials.items():
        bucket_labels = self.pre_pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.get(var).labels
        new_specials = _find_remapped_specials(bucket_labels, var_specials)
        if len(new_specials):
            self._bucketing_specials[var] = new_specials

    # Then assign the new specials to all bucketers in the bucketing pipeline
    for step in self.pipeline_.steps:
        if not isinstance(step, tuple):
            step.specials = self._bucketing_specials
        else:
            step[1].specials = self._bucketing_specials

    # Fit the bucketing pipeline
    # And save the bucket mapping
    self.pipeline_.fit(X_prebucketed_, y)

    # Make sure all columns that are bucketed have also been pre-bucketed.
    not_prebucketed = []
    for col in self.pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.columns:
        if self.pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.get(col).type == "numerical":
            if col not in self.pre_pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.columns:
                not_prebucketed.append(col)
    if len(not_prebucketed):
        msg = "These numerical columns are bucketed but have not been pre-bucketed: "
        msg += f"{', '.join(not_prebucketed)}.\n"
        msg += "Consider adding a numerical bucketer to the prebucketing pipeline,"
        msg += "for example AsIsNumericalBucketer or DecisionTreeBucketer."
        raise NotPreBucketedError(msg)

    # Make sure all columns that have been pre-bucketed also have been bucketed
    not_bucketed = []
    for col in self.pre_pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.columns:
        if self.pre_pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.get(col).type == "numerical":
            if col not in self.pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.columns:
                not_bucketed.append(col)
    if len(not_bucketed):
        msg = "These numerical columns are prebucketed but have not been bucketed: "
        msg += f"{', '.join(not_bucketed)}.\n"
        msg += "Consider updating the bucketing pipeline."
        raise NotBucketedError(msg)

    # calculate the bucket tables.
    self.bucket_tables_ = dict()
    for column in X.columns:
        if column in self.pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.maps.keys():
            self.bucket_tables_[column] = build_bucket_table(
                X_prebucketed_,
                y,
                column=column,
                bucket_mapping=self.pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.get(column),
            )

    # Calculate the summary
    self._generate_summary(X, y)

    return self

fit_interactive(X, y=None, mode='external', **server_kwargs)

Fit a bucketer and then interactive edit the fit using a dash app.

Note we are using a jupyterdash app, which supports 3 different modes:

• 'external' (default): Start dash server and print URL
• 'inline': Start dash app inside an Iframe in the jupyter notebook
• 'jupyterlab': Start dash app as a new tab inside jupyterlab

Source code in skorecard/pipeline/bucketing_process.py

def fit_interactive(self, X, y=None, mode="external", **server_kwargs):
    """
    Fit a bucketer and then interactive edit the fit using a dash app.

    Note we are using a [jupyterdash](https://medium.com/plotly/introducing-jupyterdash-811f1f57c02e) app,
    which supports 3 different modes:

    - 'external' (default): Start dash server and print URL
    - 'inline': Start dash app inside an Iframe in the jupyter notebook
    - 'jupyterlab': Start dash app as a new tab inside jupyterlab

    """
    # We need to make sure we only fit if not already fitted
    # This prevents a user losing manually defined boundaries
    # when re-running .fit_interactive()
    if not is_fitted(self):
        self.fit(X, y)

    self.app = JupyterDash(__name__, external_stylesheets=[dbc.themes.BOOTSTRAP])
    add_bucketing_process_layout(self)
    add_bucketing_process_callbacks(self, X, y)
    self.app.run_server(mode=mode, **server_kwargs)

prebucket_table(column)

Generates the statistics for the buckets of a particular column.

An example is seen below:

pre-bucket	label	Count	Count (%)	Non-event	Event	Event Rate	WoE	IV	bucket
0	(-inf, 1.0)	479	7.98	300	179	37.37	0.73	0.05	0
1	[1.0, 2.0)	370	6.17	233	137	37.03	0.71	0.04	0

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
column	str	The column we wish to analyse	required

Returns:

Name	Type	Description
df	DataFrame	A pandas dataframe of the format above

Source code in skorecard/pipeline/bucketing_process.py

def prebucket_table(self, column: str) -> pd.DataFrame:
    """
    Generates the statistics for the buckets of a particular column.

    An example is seen below:

    pre-bucket | label      | Count | Count (%) | Non-event | Event | Event Rate | WoE   | IV   | bucket
    -----------|------------|-------|-----------|-----------|-------|------------|-------|------|------
    0          | (-inf, 1.0)| 479   | 7.98      | 300       | 179   |  37.37     |  0.73 | 0.05 | 0
    1          | [1.0, 2.0) | 370   | 6.17      | 233       | 137   |  37.03     |  0.71 | 0.04 | 0

    Args:
        column (str): The column we wish to analyse

    Returns:
        df (pd.DataFrame): A pandas dataframe of the format above
    """  # noqa
    check_is_fitted(self)
    if column not in self.prebucket_tables_.keys():
        raise ValueError(f"column '{column}' was not part of the pre-bucketing process")

    table = self.prebucket_tables_.get(column)
    table = table.rename(columns={"bucket_id": "pre-bucket"})

    # Find bucket for each pre-bucket
    bucket_mapping = self.pipeline_.features_bucket_mapping_.get(column)
    table["bucket"] = bucket_mapping.transform(table["pre-bucket"])

    # Find out missing bucket
    if -1 in table["pre-bucket"].values:
        table.loc[table["pre-bucket"] == -1, "bucket"] = bucket_mapping.transform([np.nan])[0]

    # Find out the 'other' bucket
    if bucket_mapping.type == "categorical" and -2 in table["pre-bucket"].values:
        something_random = "84a088e251d2fa058f37145222e536dc"
        table.loc[table["pre-bucket"] == -2, "bucket"] = bucket_mapping.transform([something_random])[0]

    return table

save_yml(fout)

Save the features bucket to a yaml file.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
fout	PathLike	path for output file	required

Source code in skorecard/pipeline/bucketing_process.py

def save_yml(self, fout: PathLike) -> None:
    """
    Save the features bucket to a yaml file.

    Args:
        fout: path for output file
    """
    check_is_fitted(self)
    fbm = self.features_bucket_mapping_
    if isinstance(fbm, dict):
        FeaturesBucketMapping(fbm).save_yml(fout)
    else:
        fbm.save_yml(fout)

transform(X)

Transform X through the prebucketing and bucketing pipelines.

Source code in skorecard/pipeline/bucketing_process.py

def transform(self, X):
    """
    Transform `X` through the prebucketing and bucketing pipelines.
    """
    check_is_fitted(self)
    X_prebucketed = self.pre_pipeline_.transform(X)

    new_X = self.pipeline_.transform(X_prebucketed)

    if self.remainder == "drop":
        return new_X[self.variables]
    else:
        return new_X